| 陈晓颖,鲁小波.生态旅游可持续发展的规范化路径研究[J].林业调查规划,2022,47(6):96-104 |
| 生态旅游可持续发展的规范化路径研究 |
| Standardized Path of Sustainable Development of Ecotourism |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 生态旅游 可持续发展 规范化路径 环境教育 生态修复 环境容量 |
| 英文关键词: ecotourism sustainable development standardization path environmental education ecological restoration environmental capacity |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41301137）. |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 20世纪80年代提出的生态旅游在发展中国家和发达国家取得了成功的实践。20世纪90年后，生态旅游被视为旅游可持续发展的重要手段而在全球大规模推广，一系列问题逐渐暴露，生态旅游的可持续性受到了广泛质疑。从生态旅游的本质内涵与根本原则入手，深入分析生态旅游可持续发展的基础，自然生态系统和生态旅游可持续性的基本原则，生态效益、经济效益与社会效益相互协调。生态旅游的可持续性必需在实践中明确3个基本要求：环境影响保持在可控范围内；生态、社会与经济三大效益相统一；充分发挥环境教育功能。生态旅游的可持续发展是一项系统工程，要严格按照规范的路径去实践，提出生态旅游可持续发展的10条规范路径：保护为主，开发与保护相统一；科学利用生态旅游资源；合理的功能分区；生态修复；区内旅游，区外服务；科学确定环境容量；启动生态环境系统治理；加强环境监管；制定生态旅游环境规划；建立生态旅游受益者的利益共生机制。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The ecotourism proposed in the 1980s has been successful in both developing and developed countries. However, a series of problems occurred in the process of worldwide promotion in the 1990s, which severely affected the sustainable development of ecotourism.This paper analyzed the connotation and requirements of ecotourism, the basis of ecotourism sustainable development, the basic principles of natural ecosystem and ecotourism sustainability, and the coordination of ecological, economic and social benefits. The sustainability of ecotourism must clarify three basic requirements in practice: the environmental impact kept within a controllable range; the integration of ecological, social and economic benefits; the full play of environmental education function. As a systematic project, the sustainable development of ecotourism should strictly follow ten standardized paths: the unity of development and protection with protection priority; scientific utilization of ecotourism resources; reasonable functional zoning; ecological restoration; tourism within the region and outside services; scientific determination of environmental capacity; the governance of ecological environment system; strengthening environmental management; formulating ecotourism environmental planning; establishing the benefit symbiosis mechanism of ecotourism beneficiaries. |
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